除尘器简介

袋式除尘器是一种干式滤尘装置。它适用于捕集细小、干燥、非纤维性粉尘。滤袋采用纺织的滤布或非纺织的毡制成，利用纤维织物的过滤作用对含尘气体进行过滤，当含尘气体进入袋式除尘器后，颗粒大、比重大的粉尘，由于重力的作用沉降下来，落入灰斗，含有较细小粉尘的气体在通过滤料时，粉尘被阻留，使气体得到净化。

滤料使用一段时间后，由于筛滤、碰撞、滞留、扩散、静电等效应，滤袋表面积聚了一层粉尘，这层粉尘称为初层，在此以后的运动过程中，初层成了滤料的主要过滤层，依靠初层的作用，网孔较大的滤料也能获得较高的过滤效率。随着粉尘在滤料表面的积聚，除尘器的效率和阻力都相应的增加，当滤料两侧的压力差很大时，会把有些已附着在滤料上的细小尘粒挤压过去，使除尘器效率下降。另外，除尘器的阻力过高会使除尘系统的风量显著下降。因此，除尘器的阻力达到一定数值后，要及时清灰。清灰时不能破坏初层，以免效率下降。

工作原理

袋式除尘器高的除尘效率是与它的除尘机理分不开的。含尘气体由除尘器下部进气管道,经导流板进入灰斗时,由于导流板的碰撞和气体速度的降低等作用,粗粒粉尘将落入灰斗中,其余细小颗粒粉尘随气体进入滤袋室,由于滤料纤维及织物的惯性、扩散、阻隔、钩挂、静电等作用,粉尘被阻留在滤袋内,净化后的气体逸出袋外,经排气管排出。滤袋上的积灰用气体逆洗法去除,清除下来的粉尘下到灰斗,经双层卸灰阀排到输灰装置。滤袋上的积灰也可以采用喷吹脉冲气流的方法去除,从而达到清灰的目的,清除下来的粉尘由排灰装置排走。袋式除尘器的除尘效率高也是与滤料分不开的,滤料性能和质量的好坏,直接关系到袋式除尘器性能的好坏和使用寿命的长短。而过滤材料是制作滤袋的主要材料,它的性能和质量是促进袋式除尘技术进步,影响其应用范围和使用寿命。

Introduction

Bag filter is a dry filter. It is suitable for trapping fine, dry and non-fibrous dust. The filter bag is made of textile filter cloth or non-textile felt, and the dust-containing gas is filtered by the filter function of the fibre fabric. When the dust-containing gas enters the bag-type dust collector, the dust with large particle size and large specific gravity settles down and falls into the ash hopper. When the gas with small dust passes through the filter material, the dust is blocked and the gas is purified.

Working Principle

The high dust removal efficiency of bag filter is inseparable from its dust removal mechanism. When the dust-containing gas enters the ash hopper through the guide plate through the lower intake pipe of the dust collector, due to the collision of the guide plate and the decrease of gas velocity, the coarse dust will fall into the ash hopper, and the other fine dust particles will enter the filter bag chamber with the gas. Due to the inertia, diffusion, barrier, hooking and static electricity of the filter material fibers and fabrics, the dust will be blocked in the filter bag. The purified gas escapes out of the bag and is discharged through the exhaust pipe. The dust deposited on the filter bag is removed by gas backwashing method, and the dust removed goes down to the ash hopper, and is discharged to the ash conveying device through the double-deck ash discharge valve. The dust deposit on the filter bag can also be removed by injecting pulsed air flow, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the dust, and the dust removed by the ash removal device.

The high dust removal efficiency of bag filter is also inseparable from filter material. The performance and quality of filter material are directly related to the performance and service life of bag filter. The filter material is the main material for making filter bags. Its performance and quality are to promote the technological progress of bag dust removal and affect its application scope and service life.